Abella, Rosalie S. "Limitations on the Right to Equality before the Law." In The Limitation of Human Rights in Comparative Constitutional Law. Edited by Armand de Mestral et al. Montreal: Les Editions Yvon Blais, 1986.

Adelberg, Ellen, and Claudia Currie, eds. Too Few to Count: Canadian Women in Conflict with the Law. Vancouver: Press Gang Publishers, 1987.

Ahenakew, Edward. Voices of the Plains Cree. Edited by Ruth Buck. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1973.

Allen, Paula Gunn. Sacred Hoop: Restoring the Feminine to Native American Tradition. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986.

Archambault, Omer. "Young Offenders Act: Philosophy and Principles." In Crime in Canadian Society, 3d ed. Edited by Robert Silverman and James Teevan. Toronto: Butterworths, 1986.

Bala, Nicholas. "The History of Child Protection in Canada." In Canadian Child Welfare Law: Children, Families and the State. Edited by Nicholas Bala, Joseph P. Hornick and Robin Vogl. Toronto: Thompson Educational Publishing, 1991.

"An Introduction to Child Protection Problems: The History of Child Protection in Canada." In Canadian Child Welfare Law: Children, Families and the State. Edited by Nicholas Bala, Joseph P. Hornick and Robin Vogl. Toronto: Thompson Educational Publishing, 1991.

"The Young Offenders Act: The Legal Structure." In Juvenile Justice in Canada. Edited by Ray Corrado et al. Toronto: Butterworths, forthcoming.

Bala, Nicholas, Joseph P. Hornick and Robin Vogl, eds. Canadian Child Welfare Law: Children, Families and the State. Toronto: Thompson Educational Publishing, 1991.

Barman, Jean, Yvonne Hebert and Don McCaskill, eds. Indian Education in Canada. Vol. 1: The Legacy. Vol. 2: The Challenge. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1986.

Barron, F. Laurie and James Waldram, eds. 1885 and After: Native Society in Transition. Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, May 1985. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, University of Regina, 1986.

Berger, Thomas R. "Introduction" to The Challenge of Child Welfare. By Kenneth L. Levitt and Brian Wharf. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1985.

Birnie, Lisa Hobbs. A Rock and a Hard Place: Inside Canada’s Parole Board. Toronto: Macmillan, 1990.

Bowker, L.H. Corrections—The Science and the Art. New York: Macmillan, 1982.

Braithwaite, John. Inequality, Crime and Public Policy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979.

Brown, Lorne, and Caroline Brown. An Unauthorized History of the RCMP. Toronto: Lewis and Samuel, 1973; reprint ed., James Lorimer, 1978.

Carter, Sarah. Lost Harvests: Prairie Indian Reserve Farmers and Government Policy. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1990.

Chamberlin, J.E. The Harrowing of Eden: White Attitudes Towards North American Natives. Toronto: Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 1975.

Chartrand, Paul L.A.H. Manitoba's Metis Settlement Scheme of 1870. Saskatoon: Native Law Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 1991.

Cohen, Felix S. Handbook of Federal Indian Law. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942. Reprint ed., Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1972.

Cole, D.P., and A. Manson. Release from Imprisonment: The Law of Sentencing, Parole and Judicial Review. Toronto: Carswell, 1990.

Cole, Douglas, and Ira Chaikin. An Iron Hand upon the People: The Law Against the Potlatch on the Northwest Coast. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1990.

Coombs, H.C. "The Yirrkala Proposals for the Control of Law and Order." In Justice Programs for Aboriginal and Other Indigenous Communities. Edited by Kayleen M. Hazlehurst. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminogy, 1985.

Crawford, James. The Creation of States in International Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.

Currie, Elliott. Confronting Crime. New York: Pantheon Books, 1985.

Davies, Maureen. "Aspects of Aboriginal Rights in International Law." In Aboriginal People and the Law: Indian, Metis, and Inuit Rights in Canada. Edited by Bradford W. Morse. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1989.

Dempsey, Hugh A. Big Bear: The End of Freedom. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1984.

Dempsey, Hugh A., ed. Men in Scarlet. Calgary: Historical Society of Alberta, McClelland and Stewart West, 1974.

Dentler, Robert A., and Kai T. Erikson. "The Functions of Deviance in Groups" (1959). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Doeren, S.E., and M.J. Hageman. Community Corrections. Cincinnati, Ohio: Anderson Publishing, 1982.

Donnelly, M.S. The Government of Manitoba. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1963.

Driver, H.E. Indians of North America, 2d ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969.

Durkheim, Emile. "The Normal and the Pathological" (1938). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Ekstedt, J.W., and M.A. Jackson. A Profile of Canadian Alternative Sentencing Programmes: A National Review of Policy Issues. Burnaby, B.C.: School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, 1986.

Elias, Peter Douglas. The Dakota of the Canadian Northwest: Lessons for Survival. Manitoba Studies in Native History No. 5. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1988.

Friesen, Gerald. The Canadian Prairies: A History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987.

Getches, David, ed. Indian Courts and the Future. Washington, D.C.: National American Indian Court Judges Association, 1978.

Getty, Ian A.L., and A.S. Lussier, eds. As Long as the Sun Shines and Water Flows: A Reader in Canadian Native Studies. Vancouver: Nakoda Institute and University of British Columbia Press, 1983.

Gibson, Dale. The Law of the Charter: Equality Rights. Toronto: Carswell, 1990.

Gibson, Dale, and Lee Gibson. Substantial Justice: Law and Lawyers in Manitoba, 1670-1970. Winnipeg: Peguis, 1972.

Glaser, Daniel. "Criminality Theories and Behavioural Images" (1956). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Gordon, Robert, and Mervyn Meggitt. "The Customary Law Option." In their Law and Order in the New Guinea Highlands. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1985.

Grant, Peter R. "Recognition of Traditional Laws in State Courts and the Formulation of State Legislation." In Indigenous Law and the State. Edited by Bradford W. Morse and Gordon R. Woodman. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1988.

Green, L.C., and O.P. Dickason. The Law of Nations and the New World. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1989.

Greenaway, W.K. "Crime and Class: Unequal before the Law." In Structured Inequality in Canada. Edited by John Harp and John R. Hofley. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall, 1980.

Griffiths, Curtis T., and Simon N. Verdun-Jones. Canadian Criminal Justice. Toronto: Butterworths, 1989.

Grossman, B.A., ed. New Directions in Sentencing. Toronto: Butterworths, 1980.

Hagan, William T. Indian Police and Judges: Experiments in Acculturation and Control. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1966.

Haig-Brown, Celia. Resistance and Renewal: Surviving the Indian Residential School. Vancouver: Tillacum Library, 1988.

Lord Hailsham. Laws of England, 4th ed. London: Butterworths, 1976.

Hann, R.G., et al. Sentencing Practices and Trends in Canada: A Summary of Statistical Information. Ottawa: Department of Justice, 1983.

Harp, John, and John R. Hofley, eds. Structured Inequality in Canada. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall, 1980.

Harries, K.D. Crime and the Environment. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1980.

Havemann, Paul. "The Indigenization of Social Control in Canada." In Indigenous Law and the State, pp. 71-100. Edited by Bradford W. Morse and Gordon R. Woodman. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1988.

Havemann, Paul, Keith Couse, Lori Foster, and Rae Matonovich. Law and Order for Canada’s Indigenous People: A Review of Recent Research Literature Relating to the Operation of the Criminal Justice System and Canada’s Indigenous People. Regina: Prairie Justice Research, 1985.

Hazlehurst, Kayleen M., ed. Ivory Scales: Black Australia and the Law. Kensington, New South Wales: New South Wales University Press, 1987.

Justice Programs for Aboriginal and Other Indigenous Communities. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1985.

Hoddinot, Annie. "Aboriginal Justices of the Peace and Public Law." In Justice Programs for Aboriginals and Other Indigenous Communities. Edited by Kayleen M. Hazlehurst. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1985.

Hoebel, E. Adamson. The Cheyennes: Indians of the Great Plains. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.

The Law of Primitive Man: A Study in Comparative Legal Dynamics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1954.

Hooker, M.B. Legal Pluralism: An Introduction to Colonial and Neo-Colonial Laws. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975.

Hudson, J., et al., eds. Justice and the Young Offender in Canada. Toronto: Wall and Thompson, 1988.

Indian Tribes as Sovereign Governments. Oakland, California: American Indian Resources Institute Press, 1988.

Jackson, Moana. The Maori and the Criminal Justice System: New Perspective: He Whaipaanga Hou, Part 2. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Justice, 1988.

Jenness, Diamond. Indians of Canada, 7th ed. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, National Museums of Canada, 1989.

Jennings, Francis. The Invasion of America: Indians, Colonialism and the Cant of Conquest. New York: W. W. Norton, 1976.

Johnson, Elias. Legends, Traditions, and Laws of the Iroquois or Six Nations, and History of the Tuscarora Indians. Lockport, New York: Union Printing and Publishing Co., 1881; reprint ed., New York: AMS Press, 1978.

Johnston, Patrick. Native Children and the Child Welfare System. Toronto: James Lorimer, 1983.

Kent, M.W., and J.E. Rolf, eds. Promoting Social Competence and Coping in Children, vol. 3 of Primary Prevention and Cycle Pathology. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1979.

Kickingbird, Kirke, et al. Indian Sovereignty. Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Development of Indian Law, 1977.

Lagasse, J. "The Metis in Manitoba." In The Other Natives: The Metis, vol. 2. Edited by A.S. Lussier and D.B. Sealey. Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press, 1978.

Lamb, Kaye, ed. Sixteen Years in the Indian Country: The Journal of Daniel William Harmon, 1800-1816. Toronto: Macmillan, 1957.

LaPrairie, Carol. "Native Women and Crime in Canada: A Theoretical Model." In Too Few to Count: Canadian Women in Conflict with the Law. Edited by Ellen Adelberg and Claudia Currie. Vancouver: Press Gang Publishers, 1987.

"The Young Offenders Act and Aboriginal Youth." In Justice and the Young Offender in Canada. Edited by J. Hudson et al. Toronto: Wall and Thompson, 1988.

Levitt, Kenneth L., and Brian Wharf. The Challenge of Child Welfare. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1985.

Lewis, Meriwether, and William Clark. History of the Expedition under the Command of Captains Lewis and Clark to the Sources of the Missouri, vol. 2. Toronto: Morang, n.d.

Lindley, M.F. The Acquisition and Government of Backward Territory in International Law. London: Longman, Green & Co., 1926.

Llewellyn, Karl N., and E. Adamson Hoebel. The Cheyenne Way: Conflict and Case Law in Primitive Jurisprudence. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.

Lussier, A.S., and D.B. Sealey, eds. The Other Natives: The Metis, vol. 2. Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press, 1978.

Lynch, Michael, and W. Byron Groves. A Primer in Radical Criminology, 2d ed. Albany, New York: Harrow and Heston, 1989.

Martin, Sheilah, and Kathleen Mahoney, eds. Equality and Judicial Neutrality. Toronto: Carswell, 1987.

de Mestral, Armand, et al., eds. The Limitation of Human Rights in Comparative Constitutional Law. Montreal: Les Editions Yvon Blais, 1986.

Miller, J.R. Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Indian-White Relations in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989.

Milloy, John S. "The Early Indian Acts: Developmental Strategy and Constitutional Change." In As Long as the Sun Shines and Water Flows: A Reader in Canadian Native Studies. Edited by Ian A.L. Getty and A.S. Lussier. Vancouver: Nakoda Institute and University of British Columbia Press, 1983.

The Plains Cree: Trade, Diplomacy and War, 1790 to 1870. Manitoba Studies in History No. 4. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1988.

Morris, Alexander. The Treaties of Canada with The Indians of Manitoba, The North-West Territories, including the Negotiations on which they were based, and other information relating thereto. Originally published in 1880 by Belfords, Clarke & Co., Toronto. Facsimilie edition Toronto: Coles Publishing Co., 1971.

Morris, Allison. Women, Crime and Criminal Justice. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1987.

Morse, Bradford W., ed. Aboriginal People and the Law: Indian, Metis, and Inuit Rights in Canada. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1989.

Morse, Bradford W., and Gordon Woodman, eds. Indigenous Law and the State. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1988.

Morton, W.L. "Introduction" to Alexander Begg’s Red River Journal and Other Papers Relative to the Red River Resistance of 1869-70. Toronto: Champlain Society, 1956.

Manitoba: A History. 1st ed., 1957. Rev. ed., Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1967.

Morton, W.L., ed. Manitoba: The Birth of a Province, vol. 1. Altona, Manitoba: Record Society Publications, 1965.

Moyles, R.G. British Law and Arctic Men. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books, 1979.

Nadin-Davis, P. Sentencing in Canada. Ottawa: Carswell, 1982.

Newell, William B. Crime and Justice among the Iroquois Nations. Montreal: Caughnawaga Historical Society, 1965.

Nicholas, Alex. Black in Blue: A Study of the Negro Policeman. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969.

Noon, John A. Law and Government of the Grand River Iroquois. New York: Johnson Reprint Corp., 1964.

Oliver, E.H. The Canadian North-West: Its Early Development and Legislative Records. Ottawa: Government Printing Office, 1915.

Park, Robert E. "Social Change and Social Disorganization" (1967). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Patterson, E.P. The Canadian Indian: A History since 1500. Don Mills: Collier-Macmillan, 1972.

Peterson, Jacqueline, and Jennifer S.H. Brown, eds. The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Metis in North America. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1985.

Pettipas, K.A. "Severing the Ties That Bind: The Canadian Indian Act and the Repression of Indigenous Religious Systems in the Prairie Region, 1896-1951." PhD dissertation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 1988. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press (forthcoming).

Reid, John Phillip. A Law of Blood: The Primitive Law of the Cherokee Nation. New York: New York University Press, 1970.

Rich, E.E., ed. Cumberland House Journals and Inland Journal, 1775-82 (First Series, 1775-79). London: Hudson’s Bay Record Society, 1951.

Richardson, Jane. Law and Status among the Kiowa Indians. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1966.

Roberts, Simon. Order and Dispute: An Introduction to Legal Anthropology. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, 1979.

Ross, Alexander. The Red River Settlement: Its Rise, Progress, and Present State. Minneapolis: Ross and Haines, 1957.

Rutter, Michael. "Protective Factors in Children’s Responses to Stress and Disadvantage." In Promoting Social Competence and Coping in Children, vol. 3 of Primary Prevention and Cycle Pathology. Edited by M.W. Kent and J.E. Rolf. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1979.

Sealey, Bruce D., and Peter Van De Vyvere. Thomas George Prince. Winnipeg: Peguis, 1981.

Sellin, Thorsten. "Culture Conflict and Crime" (1938). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Silverman, Robert, and James Teevan, eds. Crime in Canadian Society, 3d ed. Toronto: Butterworths, 1986.

Smith, Joseph Henry. Appeals to the Privy Council from the American Plantations. New York: Columbia University Press, 1950.

Strickland, Rennard. Fire and the Spirits: Cherokee Law from Clan to Court. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1975.

Sutherland, Edwin H. "The Theory of Differential Association" (1947). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Swanton, Bruce, ed. Aborigines and Criminal Justice. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1984.

Taché, Alexandre-Antonin. Sketch of the North-West of America. Montreal: John Lovell, 1870.

Thistle, Paul C. Indian-European Trade Relations in the Lower Saskatchewan River Region to 1840. Manitoba Studies in Native History No. 2. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1986.

Thomas, W.I., and Florian Znaniecki. "The Concept of Social Disorganization" (1920). In Theories of Deviance. Edited by Stuart H. Traub and Craig B. Little. Itasca, Ill.: F.E. Peacock, 1975.

Traub, Stuart H., and Craig B. Little, eds. Theories of Deviance. Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock Publishers, 1975.

de Tremaudan, Auguste-Henri. Histoire de la nation metisse dans l’ouest canadien. Reprint ed. St. Boniface: Les Editions du Ble, 1979. Published in English as Hold High Your Heads: History of the Metis Nation in Western Canada. Translated by E. Maguet. Winnipeg: Pemmican Publications, 1982.

Trigger, Bruce G. The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1976.

Usher, Jean. William Duncan of Metlakatla: A Victorian Missionary in British Columbia. Ottawa: National Museum of Man, 1974.

Van Kirk, Sylvia. "Many Tender Ties": Women in Fur-Trade Society in Western Canada, 1670-1870. Winnipeg: Watson and Dwyer, 1980.

Vizkelety, Béatrice. Proving Discrimination in Canada. Toronto: Carswell, 1987.

Wa, Gisday, and Delgam Uukw. The Spirit in the Land: The Opening Statement of the Gitksan and Wet’suwet’en Hereditary Chiefs in the Supreme Court of British Columbia. Gabriola, British Columbia: Reflections, 1989.

Waite, Peter B. Canada, 1874-1896: Arduous Destiny. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1971.

Walker, James W.S. "The Indian in Canadian Historical Writing." Canadian Historical Association Papers (1971): 21-51.

West, Donald. Delinquency: Its Roots, Careers, and Prospects. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1982.

West, Gordon. Young Offenders and the State. Toronto: Butterworths, 1988.

West, John. The Substance of a Journal during a Residence at the Red River Colony, British North America in the Years 1820-1823. Vancouver: Alcuin Society, 1967.

Wilkins, David E. Dine Bibeehaz’acnii—A Handbook of Navajo Government. Tsaile, Arizona: Navajo Community College Press, 1987.

Wilkinson, Charles F. American Indians, Time, and the Law. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1987.

Williams, Nancy M. Two Laws: Managing Disputes in a Contemporary Aboriginal Community. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, 1987.

Wolfgang, Marvin, Marvin Figlio, and Thorsten Sellin. Delinquency in a Birth Cohort. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972.

Zion, James. "Searching for Indian Common Law." In Indigenous Law and the State. Edited by Bradford W. Morse and Gordon Woodman. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Foris Publications, 1988.

Government Publications

Alberta. Commission of Inquiry on Policing in Relation to the Blood Tribe(C.H. Rolf, Commissioner). Report. Edmonton, February 1991.

Alberta. Task Force on the Criminal Justice System and Its Impact on the Indian and Metis People of Alberta. Justice on Trial. Edmonton, March 1991.

Australian Law Reform Commission. The Recognition of Aboriginal Customary Laws. Report No. 31, 2 vols. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1986.

Hennessy, Peter K. Aboriginal Customary Law and Local Justice Mechanisms: Principles, Options and Proposals. Research Paper No. 11/12. Canberra: Australian Law Reform Commission, 1984.

Canada. Canadian Sentencing Commission. Sentencing Reform: A Canadian Approach. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1987.

Canada. Commission of Inquiry Relating to Public Complaints, Internal Discipline and Grievance Procedure within the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Report (Marin Report). Ottawa: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1976.

Canada. Committee Appointed to Enquire into the Principles and Procedures Followed in the Remission Service of the Department of Justice. Report (Fauteux Report). Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1956.

Canada. Committee on Corrections. Toward Unity: Criminal Justice and Corrections (Ouimet Report). Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1969.

Canada. Correctional Officer. Annual Report of the Correctional Officer, 1988-1989. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1990.

Canada. Correctional Service of Canada. Basic Facts about Corrections in Canada. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1986.

Canada. Correctional Service of Canada. Creating Choices, The Report of the Task Force on Federally Sentenced Women. Ottawa, 1990.

Canada. Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. Annual Report. Ottawa, 1976.

Canada. Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Highlights of Aboriginal Conditions, 1981-2001, Part III: Economic Conditions. Ottawa, 1989.

Canada. Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Indian Policing Policy Review: Task Force Report. Ottawa, January 1990.

Canada. Department of Justice. Fact Book on Community Service Order Programs in Canada. Ottawa, 1986.

Canada. Department of Justice. Highlights: The Young Offenders Act, 1982. Ottawa, 1982.

Canada. Department of Justice. Some Statistics on the Preliminary Inquiry in Canada. Prepared by David G. Alford, Paul Chumak, Lise Cloutier, David Johnson, and David McKercher. Ottawa, 1984.

Canada. Department of the Solicitor General."Correctional Issues Affecting Native Peoples." Correctional Law Review Working Paper No. 7. Ottawa, February 1988.

Canada. Department of the Solicitor General. Police-Challenge 2000: A Vision of the Future of Policing in Canada. Ottawa, 1990.

Canada. Department of the Solicitor General. Report of the Task Force on Aboriginal Peoples in Federal Corrections. Ottawa, 1988.

Canada. Department of Solicitor General. Report of the Task Force on the Release of Inmates (Hugessen Report). Ottawa, 1972.

Canada. Department of the Solicitor General. Solicitor General’s Study of Conditional Release: Report of the Working Group. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1981.

Canada. House of Commons. Special Committee on Indian Self-Government. Indian Self-Government in Canada (Penner Report). Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1983.

Canada. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Justice and Solicitor General (David Daubney, Chair). Taking Responsibility (Report on Its Review of Sentencing, Conditional Release and Related Aspects of Corrections). Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, l988.

Canada. Law Reform Commission. Study Report: Discovery in Criminal Cases. Ottawa, 1974.

Canada. Law Reform Commission. Toward a Unified Criminal Court. Ottawa, 1989.

Canada. Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry (Thomas Berger, Chair). Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland: The Report of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry, vol. 1. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1977.

Canada. National Parole Board. Briefing Book for Members of the Standing committee on Justice and Solicitor General, vol. 1. Ottawa, 1987.

Canada. National Parole Board. A Guide to the Parole Act and Regulations. Revised and updated edition of the National Parole Board Handbook for Judges and Crown Attorneys. Ottawa, 1988.

Canada. National Parole Board. Mission Statement. Ottawa: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1987.

Canada. National Parole Board. Pre- and Post-Release Decision Policies. Interim report.

Canada. Parliamentary Sub-Committee on the Penitentiary System in Canada (Mark MacGuigan, Chair). Report to Parliament by the Sub-Committee on the Penitentiary System in Canada. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1977.

Canada. Royal Commission to Investigate the Penal System of Canada. Report (Archambault Report). Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1938.

Canada. Sessional Papers. Annual Reports of the Superintendent of Penitentiaries. Ottawa, 1900-1960.

Canada. Statistics Canada. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Adult Correctional Services in Canada: 1988-89. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1989.

Canada. Statistics Canada. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Youth Court Statistics. Ottawa, 1990.

Canada. Statistics Canada. Census Canada 1986. Aboriginal Peoples Output. Ottawa, 1981.

Canada. Statistics Canada. Census Canada 1986. A Data Book on Canada’s Aboriginal Population from the 1986 Census of Canada. Ottawa, March 1989.

Canfield, Carolyn, and Linda Drinnan. Comparative Statistics on Native and Non-Native Inmates—A Five Year History. Ottawa: Correctional Service of Canada, 1981.

Children’s Hospital Child Protection Centre. A New Justice for Indian Children (Final report of the Child Advocacy Project, prepared by S. Longstaffe and B. Hamilton). Winnipeg: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1987.

Hann, R.G., et al. Sentencing Practices and Trends in Canada: A Summary of Statistical Information. Ottawa: Department of Justice, 1983.

Hawthorn, H.B., ed. A Survey of the Contemporary Indians of Canada: A Report on Economic, Political, Educational Needs and Policies, vols. 1 and 2. Ottawa: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1966.

Hull, Jeremy. An Overview of Registered Indian Conditions in Manitoba. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1987.

Hyde, Mary, and Carol LaPrairie. "Amerindian Police Crime Prevention." Working paper prepared for the Solicitor General of Canada, 1987.

"Indians Policing Reserves." Background information for Department of Indian and Northern Affairs news release 1-9157, "Federal Government Funds Plan to Improve Policing Services for Indian Reserves," 27 June 1991.

Jamieson, Kathleen. Indian Women and the Law in Canada: Citizens Minus. Canadian Action Committee on the Status of Women. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1978.

Kueneman, R., Rick Linden, and Rick Kosmick. A Study of Manitoba’s Northern and Rural Juvenile Courts. Ottawa: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1986.

McCaskill, Don. Patterns of Criminality and Correction among Native Offenders in Manitoba: A Longitudinal Analysis. Ottawa: Correctional Service of Canada, 1985.

Studies of Needs and Resources Related to Offenders of Native Origin in Manitoba. Ottawa: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1971.

Michalis, Gail, and William T. Badcock. Native People and Canada’s Justice System. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1979.

Miller, Kahn-Tineta, and George Lerchs. The Historical Development of the Indian Act. Ottawa: Treaties and Historical Research Branch, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1978.

Morse, Bradford, and Linda Lock. "Native Offenders’ Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System." Research paper prepared for the Canadian Sentencing Commission. Ottawa: Policy, Programs and Research Branch, Department of Justice, 1988.

Newby, L. Native Peoples of Canada and the Federal Corrections System: Development of a National Policy—A Preliminary Issues Report. Ottawa: Correctional Services of Canada, 1981.

Singer, Charles, and Sharon Moyer. The Dakota-Ojibway Tribal Council Police Program: An Evaluation, 1979-1981. Ottawa: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada, 1981.

Sloan, Rick. Legal Aid in Manitoba: An Evaluation Report. Winnipeg: Department of Justice Canada, September 1987.

Social Policy Research Associates/The Evaluation Group Inc. National Evaluation Overview of Indian Policing: Executive Summary and Main Report. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1983.

Stenning, Philip C. Legal Status of the Police. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1982.

Turner, John Peter. The North West Mounted Police, 1873 to 1893, vol. 2. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1950.

White, P.M. Native Women: A Statistical Overview. Ottawa: Supply and Services Canada, 1985.

Annual Report of the Police Complaints Authority, 1 January 1987 - 31 December 1987. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1988.

"Chaplains Contribute to Total Well-Being." Corrections Community (Newsletter of the Corrections Branch of the Department of Justice), 7, 1 (December 1990-February 1991).

Hay Management Consultants. Report-Review of the Recruitment, Selection, and Classification Processes within the Manitoba Civil Service. Winnipeg, 1991.

Hendrickson, Barbara. A Study of the Operation of the Manitoba Provincial Court in Winnipeg and Selected Northern Communities with Reference to the Treatment of Aboriginal Offenders. Winnipeg: Department of Justice, 1989.

Kimelman, Edwin C., et al. No Quiet Place. Report of the Review Committee on Indian and Metis Adoptions and Placements. Winnipeg: Department of Community Services, 1985.

Lagasse, Jean H. A Study of the Population of Indian Ancestry Living in Manitoba. Winnipeg: Department of Agriculture and Immigration, 1959.

Latimer, C.A. "Winnipeg Youth Courts and the Young Offenders Act." Winnipeg: Research, Planning and Evaluation Branch, Department of the Attorney General, 1986.

Linden, Rick. An Assessment of the Role of the Manitoba Police Commission. Winnipeg: Department of the Attorney General, 1986.

Manitoba. Department of Health and Social Development. Report of the Indian Child Welfare Sub-Committee, Manitoba, to the Tripartite Committee. Winnipeg, 1980.

Manitoba. Department of the Attorney General. Annual Report of the Manitoba Department of the Attorney General, 1988-89. Winnipeg, 1989.

Manitoba. Department of the Attorney General. Native Court Interpreter’s Manual. Winnipeg, 1987.

Manitoba. Department of the Attorney General. Research and Planning Branch. Justice in Manitoba: Key Indicators, 1988. Winnipeg, 1988.

Nova Scotia. Royal Commission on the Donald Marshall, Jr., Prosecution (T. Alexander Hickman, Chair). Report. Halifax, December 1989.

Ontario. Race Relations and Policing Task Force (Clare Lewis, Chair). The Report of the Race Relations and Policing Task Force. Toronto, 1989.

Osnaburgh-Windigo Tribal Council Review Committee. Report. Toronto: Department of the Attorney General, 1990.

Brenner, M. Harvey. Estimating the Social Costs of National Economic Policy. Report prepared for the Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.

Indian Criminal Justice Program Display. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1974.

Indian Reservation Criminal Justice Task Force Analysis, 1974-75. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1975.

Native American Tribal Court Profiles. Washington, D.C.: Branch of Judicial Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1982.

Native American Tribal Court Profiles. Washington, D.C.: Branch of Judicial Services, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1985.

Young, Robert. Historical Backgrounds for Modern Indian Law and Order. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1969.

Adams, K. Bliss. "Order in the Courts: Resolution of Tribal/State Criminal Jurisdictional Disputes." Tulsa Law Journal, 24 (1988): 89.

Anderson, Tavs Fulmer. "Persistence of Social and Health Problems in the Welfare State: A Danish Cohort Experience from 1948 to 1979." Social Science and Medicine, 18, 7 (1984): 555-60.

Baker-Stetson, Catherine. "Decriminalizing Tribal Codes: A Response to Oliphant." American Indian Law Review, 9 (1981): 51-81.

Barron, F. Laurie. "A Summary of Federal Indian Policy in the Canadian West, 1867-1984." Native Studies Review, 1, 1 (1984): 28-39.

"The Indian Pass System in the Canadian West, 1882-1935." Prairie Forum, 13, 1 (1988): 25-42.

Barsh, Russel L., and James Youngblood Henderson. "The Betrayal: Oliphant v. Suquamish Indian Tribe and the Hunting of the Shark." Minnesota Law Review, 63 (1979): 609-40.

Basso, K. "To Give Up on Words: Silence in Western Apache Culture." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 26, 2 (1970): 213-30.

Bingaman, Sandra Estlin. "The Trials of Poundmaker and Big Bear, 1885." Saskatchewan History, 28, 1 (1975): 81-94.

"The Trials of the ‘White Rebels,’ 1885." Saskatchewan History, 25, 2 (1972): 41-54.

Bonta, J., et al. "Restitution in Correctional Halfway Houses: Victim Satisfaction, Attitudes and Recidivism." Canadian Journal of Criminology, 25 (1983): 277-93.

Brant, Clare. "Native Ethics and Rules of Behaviour." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 35 (August 1990): 534-39.

Bridges, G.S., and J.A. Stone. "Effects of Criminal Punishment on Perceived Threat of Punishment: Toward an Understanding of Specific Deterrence." Journal of Research on Crime and Delinquency, 23 (1986): 207-39.

Brown, Desmond H. "Unpredictable and Uncertain: Criminal Law in the Canadian North West before 1886." Alberta Law Review, 17, 3 (1979): 497-512.

Campbell, Gayle. "Women and Crime." Juristat (Statistics Canada), 10, 20 (December 1990): 1-9.

Carter, Sarah. "Agriculture and Agitation on the Oak River Reserve, 1875-1895." Manitoba History, 6 (Fall 1983): 2-9.

Chapman, P.B. "The Lawyer in Juvenile Court: ‘A Gulliver among Lilliputians.’" Western Ontario Law Review, 10 (1971): 88-107.

Collins, Richard B. "Implied Limitations on the Jurisdiction of Indian Tribes." Washington Law Review, 54 (1979): 479-529.

"Conjugal Violence Against Women." Juristat (Statistics Canada), 10, 7 (May 1990): 1-2.

Coyle, Michael. "Traditional Indian Justice in Ontario: A Role for the Present?" Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 24 (1986): 605-33.

Deegan, Michael N. "Closing the Door to Federal Court." Land and Water Law Review, 14 (1979): 625-34.

Dempsey, James. "The Indians and World War One." Alberta History, 31, 3 (1983): 1-8.

"Developments in the Law—Race and the Criminal Process." Harvard Law Review, 101 (1988): 1472-1641.

Fagan, Jeffrey, and Sandra Wexler. "Family Origins of Violent Delinquents." Criminology, 25, 3 (1987): 643-69.

Ferdinand, Theodore N. "The Methods of Delinquency Theory." Criminology, 25, 4 (1987): 841-62.

Fox, Richard G., and Maureen J. Spencer. "The Young Offenders Bill: Destigmatizing Juvenile Delinquency?" Criminal Law Quarterly, 14 (1972): 172-219.

Gover, Walter, Michael Hughes and Omer Galle. "Overcrowding in the Home: An Empirical Investigation of Its Possible Pathological Consequences." American Sociological Review, 44 (1979): 59-82.

Grosman, B.A. "Young Offenders before the Courts." Canadian Bar Journal (Nova Scotia), 13 (1971): 6-7.

Harring, Sidney L. "Crow Dog’s Case: A Chapter in the Legal History of Tribal Sovereignty." American Indian Law Review, 17 (1989): 191-239.

Hemmingson, Rick H. "Jurisdiction of Future Tribal Courts in Canada: Learning from the American Experience," [1989] 3 C.N.L.R. 1.

Henderson, J. Youngblood, and Russel L. Barsh. "Oyate kin haye keyuga u pe, Part II: The Courts and the Indian Tribes." Harvard Law School Bulletin, 25, 10 (1974).

Horrall, S.W.. "Sir John A. Macdonald and the Mounted Police Force for the North West Territories." Canadian Historical Review, 53, 2 (June 1972): 179-200.

Hylton, John H. "Locking Up Indians in Saskatchewan: Some Recent Findings." Canadian Ethnic Studies, 13, 3 (1981): 144-51.

"The Native Offender in Saskatchewan: Implications for Crime Prevention Programming." Canadian Journal of Criminology, 24, 2 (1982): 121-31.

Jackson, Michael. "Locking Up Natives in Canada." University of British Columbia Law Review, 23, 2 (1989): 215-300.

Keon-Cohen, Bryan A. "Native Justice in Australia, Canada, and the U.S.A.: A Comparative Analysis." Canadian Legal Aid Bulletin, 5, 2-3 (1982): 187-258. (An earlier version of this article also appeared in Monash Law Review, 7 [1981]: 250.)

Kimball, R.E. "In the Matter of Judicial Discretion and the Imposition of Default Orders." Criminal Law Quarterly, 32 (September 1990): 467-77.

LaPrairie, Carol. "The Role of Sentencing in the Over-representation of Aboriginal People in Correctional Institutions." Canadian Journal of Criminology, 32, 3 (July 1990): 429-440.

Leon, J. "The Development of Canadian Juvenile Justice: A Background for Reform." Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 15 (1977): 71-106.

Lowie, Robert H. "Property Rights and Coercive Powers of Plains Indian Military Societies." Journal of Law and Politics, 1 (1943): 59.

MacLean, Brian D., and R.S. Ratner. "An Historical Analysis of Bills C-67 and C-68: Implications for the Native Offender." Native Studies Review, 3 (1987): 31-58.

Martinson, R.M. "What Works? Questions and Answers about Prison Reform." The Public Interest, 35 (1974): 22-54.

McNairn, C.H. "Juvenile Delinquent Act Characterized as Criminal Law Legislation." Canadian Bar Review, 46 (1968): 473-82.

McSloy, Steven Paul. "American Indians and the Constitution: An Argument for Nationhood." American Indian Law Review, 17 (1989): 139.

Morse, Bradford W. "Indian and Inuit Family Law and the Canadian Legal System." American Indian Law Review, 8 (1980): 199-257.

Indian Tribal Courts in the United States: A Model for Canada? Saskatoon: Native Law Centre, 1980.

"Native People and Legal Services in Canada." McGill Law Journal, 22 (1976): 504-40.

"A Unique Court: S. 107 Indian Act Justices of the Peace." Canadian Legal Aid Bulletin, 5, 2-3 (1982): 139-43.

Morton, W.L. "Canada and the Canadian Indians: What Went Wrong?" Quarterly of Canadian Studies in the Secondary School, 2, 1 (Spring 1972): 3-12.

"Note: Implication of Civil Remedies under the Indian Civil Rights Act." Michigan Law Review, 75 (1970): 210-35.

Parker, Graham E. "Some Historical Observations on the Juvenile Court. Criminal Law Quarterly, 9 (1967): 467-502.

Pommersheim, Frank. "The Contextual Legitimacy of Adjudication in Tribal Courts and the Role of the Tribal Bar as an Interpretive Community: An Essay." New Mexico Law Review, 18 (1988): 49.

Raby, Stuart. "Indian Land Surrenders in Southern Saskatchewan." Canadian Geographer, 17, 1 (1973): 36-52.

Ross, Rupert. "Leaving Our White Eyes Behind: The Sentencing of Native Accused,"[1989] 3 C.N.L.R.1.

Schultz, Gregory. "The Federal Due Process and Equal Protection Rights of Non-Indian Civil Litigants in Tribal Courts after Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez." Denver University Law Review, 62 (1985): 761-87.

Stark, Rodney. "Deviant Places: A Theory of the Ecology of Crime." Canadian Journal of Criminology, 25, 4 (1987): 893-909.

Vaskov, John A. "Note: Indians Rights—What’s Left? Oliphant, Tribal Courts, and Non-Indians." University of Pittsburgh Law Review, 41 (1979-80): 75-88.

Vetter, William V. "Of Tribal Courts and ‘Territories’: Is Full Faith and Credit Required?" California Western Law Review, 23 (1987): 219-72.

Wang, Kechin. "The Continuing Turbulence Surrounding the Parens Patriae Concept in Juvenile Courts." McGill Law Journal, 18 (1972): 219-45.

Wright, Gordon K. "Recognition of Tribal Decisions in State Courts." Stanford Law Review, 37 (1984-85): 1397-1424.

Zion, James W. "Harmony among the People: Torts and Indian Courts." Montana Law Review, 45 (1984): 265-79.

American Bar Association Standards Relating to Trial Courts.Chicago, Illinoois: American Bar Association, August 1984.

Archibald to J.A. Macdonald, 9 October 1871. Journals of the House of Commons of the Dominion of Canada 1874, 8, appx. 6.

Bennet, G. Aboriginal Rights in International Law. Occasional Working Paper No. 37. London: Royal Anthropological Institute, 1978.

Brown, Jennifer S.H. "Metis." Canadian Encyclopedia, 2d ed. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1988.

Brown, Mona G., et al. Gender Equality in the Courts–Criminal Law: A Study by the Manitoba Association of Women and the Law. Ottawa: National Association of Women and the Law, March 1991.

Callens, L.J., Chief Superintendent, RCMP. "Community Based Policing." Paper delivered in Stonewall, Manitoba, February 1991.

Canadian Welfare Council and Canadian Association of Social Workers. Joint Submission to the Special Joint Committee of the Senate and the House of Commons Appointed to Examine and Consider the Indian Act. Ottawa: Canadian Welfare Council, 1947.

Coopers and Lybrand Consulting Group. An Assessment of Services Delivered under the Canada-Manitoba Northern Indian Child Welfare Agreement. Winnipeg, 1986.

Crawford, James. Aboriginal Self-Government in Canada. Research Report for the Canadian Bar Association, Committee on Native Justice. Ottawa: Committee on Native Justice, Canadian Bar Association, 1988.

Davin, N.F. "Report on Industrial Schools for Indians and Halfbreeds." Ottawa: Public Archives, 14 March 1879 (PAC RG 10, Vol. 6001, File 1-1-1, Part 1).

Hudson, Peter, and Sharon Taylor-Henley. Agreement and Disagreement: An Evaluation of the Canada-Manitoba Northern Indian Child Welfare Agreement. Winnipeg: School of Social Work, University of Manitoba, 1987.

Hurd, Carroll P., and Jeanne M. Hurd. Evaluation: Implementation of the Canada-Manitoba Brotherhood of Indian Nations Child Welfare Agreement. Edmonton: MacKay-Hurd Associates International, 1986.

Morgan, E.C. "The North West Mounted Police, 1873-1883." M.A. thesis, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, 1970.

Ontario Native Women's Association. Breaking Free: A Proposal for Change to Aboriginal Family Violence. Thunder Bay, December 1989.

RES Policy Research. Indian Veterans and Veterans’ Benefits in New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Ottawa: National Indian Veterans Association, 1984.

Ronaghan, Allen Edgar. "The Archibald Administration in Manitoba, 1870-72." PhD dissertation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 1987.

Salasan Associates. "Evaluation of the Project for the Education of Native Teachers." Brandon, 1986.

Ross, Rupert. "Dancing with a Ghost: Exploring Indian Reality." Unpublished manuscript, Kenora, 1987.

Social Planning Council of Winnipeg. Selected Profile of Winnipeg’s Aboriginal Population. Winnipeg, 1989.

Sugar, Fran, and Lana Fox. Survey of Federally Sentenced Aboriginal Women in the Community. Ottawa: Native Women’s Association of Canada, 1990.

Sweeney, Alastair. Government Policy and Saskatchewan Indian Veterans. Saskatchewan Indian Veterans Association, 1979.

Tarnopolsky, W.S. "Discrimination in Canada: Our History and Our Legacy." Paper delivered at the Canadian Institute of Administration of Justice seminar on discrimination in the law, Kananaskis, Alberta, 12 October 1989.

Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Research Program. Treaty Land Entitlement in Manitoba, 1970-1981. Winnipeg: Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Research Centre, 1982.

Tyler, Wright and Daniel Ltd. "The Illegal Surrender of St. Peter’s Reserve." Research paper prepared for the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Research Centre. Winnipeg, 1983.

Ward, W.P. "The Administration of Justice in the North West Territories, 1870-1887." M.A. thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, 1966.

Wiebe, Menno. Native Culture and Canadian Law: A Cultural Look at Native People and the Canadian Justice System. Kingston: Queen’s Theological College, 1984.